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Establishing Profiles for Systems Engineering Standards: A Great Help for Companies to Manage Their Processes

Rui Xue,Claude Baron,Philippe Esteban,Qiang Zhang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第3期页码 297-303 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014036

摘要： In this paper, we discuss how to establish profiles of system engineering standards for companies. To define an appropriate system engineering standard for a company, this paper presents a detailed comparison between the current releases of the main system engineering sta-ndards (ANSI/ EIA-632, ISO/IEC-15288 and IEEE-1220), and explains how to choose the most adapted one according to the company practices. When no standard completely corresponds, the paper illustrates how to elaborate a tailor-made standard on the basis of specific required characteristics of the company or of the project, following a multi-standard approach, leading to extend and adapt a sta-ndard by importing some elements from another.

关键词： system engineering analysis comparison systems engineering management process multi-standards approach

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TRANSLATING THE MULTI-ACTOR APPROACH TO RESEARCH INTO PRACTICE USING A WORKSHOP APPROACH FOCUSING ON

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第3期页码 460-473 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021416

摘要：

The EIP-Agri multiactor approach was exemplified during a 3-day workshop with 63 project participants from the EU H2020 funded project “Redesigning European cropping systems based on species MIXtures”. The objective was to share firsthand experience of participatory research among researchers who were mostly not familiar with this approach. Workshop participants were divided into smaller multidisciplinary groups and given the opportunity to interact with representatives from eight actor positions in the value chain of the agrifood cooperative Terrena located in Western France. The four stages of the workshop were: (1) key actor interviews, (2) sharing proposed solutions for overcoming barriers, and (3) developing possible interdisciplinary concepts. Expressions of frustration were recorded serving both as a motivation for group members to become more aware of the scientific concerns and practices of their colleagues, as well as a recognition that some researchers have better skills integrating qualitative approaches than others. Nevertheless, the workshop format was an effective way to gain a common understanding of the pertinent issues that need to be addressed to meet overall multiactor-approach objectives. Working with the actor networks was identified and emphasized as a means to overcome existing barriers between academia and practice in order to coproduce a shared vision of the benefits of species mixture benefits.

关键词： agroecology codesign intercropping knowledge sharing participatory methods

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Pareto lexicographic α-robust approach and its application in robust multi objective assembly line balancing

null

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第9卷第3期页码 257-264 doi: 10.1007/s11465-014-0294-x

摘要：

Robustness in most of the literature is associated with min-max or min-max regret criteria. However, these criteria of robustness are conservative and therefore recently new criteria called, lexicographic α-robust method has been introduced in literature which defines the robust solution as a set of solutions whose quality or jth largest cost is not worse than the best possible jth largest cost in all scenarios. These criteria might be significant for robust optimization of single objective optimization problems. However, in real optimization problems, two or more than two conflicting objectives are desired to optimize concurrently and solution of multi objective optimization problems exists in the form of a set of solutions called Pareto solutions and from these solutions it might be difficult to decide which Pareto solution can satisfy min-max, min-max regret or lexicographic α-robust criteria by considering multiple objectives simultaneously. Therefore, lexicographic α-robust method which is a recently introduced method in literature is extended in the current research for Pareto solutions. The proposed method called Pareto lexicographic α-robust approach can define Pareto lexicographic α-robust solutions from different scenarios by considering multiple objectives simultaneously. A simple example and an application of the proposed method on a simple problem of multi objective optimization of simple assembly line balancing problem with task time uncertainty is presented to get their robust solutions. The presented method can be significant to implement on different multi objective robust optimization problems containing uncertainty.

关键词： Pareto lexicographic α-robust assembly line balancing

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A multi-attribute decision making approach of mix design based on experimental soil characterization

Amit K. BERA, Tanmoy MUKHOPADHYAY, Ponnada J. MOHAN, Tushar K. DEY

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第3期页码 361-371 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0425-7

摘要：

The clay mineral composition is one of the major factors that governs the physical properties of silty sand subgrade. Therefore, a thorough knowledge of mineral composition is essential to predict the optimum engineering properties of the soil, which is generally characterized by different indices like maximum dry density (MDD), California bearing ratio (CBR), unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and free swelling index (FSI). In this article, a novel multi-attribute decision making (MADM) based approach of mix design has been proposed for silty sand – artificial clay mix to improve the characteristic strength of a soil subgrade. Experimental investigation has been carried out in this study to illustrate the proposed approach of selecting appropriate proportion for the soil mix to optimize all the above mentioned engineering properties simultaneously. The results show that a mix proportion containing approximately 90% silty sand plus 10% bentonite soil is the optimal combination in context to the present study. The proposed methodology for optimal decision making to choose appropriate combination of bentonite and silty sand is general in nature and therefore, it can be extended to other problems of selecting mineral compositions.

关键词： silty sand bentonite soil soil mix design multi-attribute decision making

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A systematic approach in load disaggregation utilizing a multi-stage classification algorithm for consumer

Chuan Choong YANG, Chit Siang SOH, Vooi Voon YAP

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第2期页码 386-398 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0497-z

摘要： The potential to save energy in existing consumer electrical appliances is very high. One of the ways to achieve energy saving and improve energy use awareness is to recognize the energy consumption of individual electrical appliances. To recognize the energy consumption of consumer electrical appliances, the load disaggregation methodology is utilized. Non-intrusive appliance load monitoring (NIALM) is a load disaggregation methodology that disaggregates the sum of power consumption in a single point into the power consumption of individual electrical appliances. In this study, load disaggregation is performed through voltage and current waveform, known as the - trajectory. The classification algorithm performs cropping and image pyramid reduction of the - trajectory plot template images before utilizing the principal component analysis (PCA) and the -nearest neighbor ( -NN) algorithm. The novelty of this paper is to establish a systematic approach of load disaggregation through - trajectory-based load signature images by utilizing a multi-stage classification algorithm methodology. The contribution of this paper is in utilizing the “ -value,” the number of closest data points to the nearest neighbor, in the -NN algorithm to be effective in classification of electrical appliances. The results of the multi-stage classification algorithm implementation have been discussed and the idea on future work has also been proposed.

关键词： load disaggregation voltage-current (V-I) trajectory multi-stage classification algorithm principal component analysis (PCA) k-nearest neighbor (k-NN)

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Optimization of multi machining characteristics in WEDM of WC-5.3%Co composite using integrated approach

Kamal JANGRA, Sandeep GROVER, Aman AGGARWAL

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第7卷第3期页码 288-299 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0333-4

摘要：

Wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) is a well known process for generating intricate and complex geometries in hard metal alloys and metal matrix composites with high precision. In present work, intricate machining of WC-5.3%Co composite on WEDM has been reported. Taguchi’s design of experiment has been utilised to investigate the process parameters for four machining characteristics namely material removal rate, surface roughness, angular error and radial overcut. In order to optimize the four machining characteristics simultaneously, grey relational analysis (GRA) coupled with entropy measurement method has been employed. Through GRA, grey relational grade has been computed as a performance index for predicting the optimal parameters setting for multi machining characteristics. Using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) on grey relational grade, significant parameters affecting the multi-machining characteristics has been determined. Confirmatory results prove the potential of present approach.

关键词： tungsten carbide composite wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) Taguchi method grey relational analysis (GRA) entropy measurement method

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An approach for mechanical fault classification based on generalized discriminant analysis

LI Wei-hua, SHI Tie-lin, YANG Shu-zi

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2006年第1卷第3期页码 292-298 doi: 10.1007/s11465-006-0022-2

摘要： To deal with pattern classification of complicated mechanical faults, an approach to multi-faults classification based on generalized discriminant analysis is presented. Compared with linear discriminant analysis (LDA), generalized discriminant analysis (GDA), one of nonlinear discriminant analysis methods, is more suitable for classifying the linear non-separable problem. The connection and difference between KPCA (Kernel Principal Component Analysis) and GDA is discussed. KPCA is good at detection of machine abnormality while GDA performs well in multi-faults classification based on the collection of historical faults symptoms. When the proposed method is applied to air compressor condition classification and gear fault classification, an excellent performance in complicated multi-faults classification is presented.

关键词： generalized discriminant non-separable abnormality classification multi-faults classification

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Consolidated standards of reporting trials (CONSORT) for traditional Chinese medicine: current situation

Zhaoxiang Bian, Baoyan Liu, David Moher, Taixiang Wu, Youping Li, Hongcai Shang, Chungwah Cheng

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第2期页码 171-177 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0132-z

摘要： The reporting standards for randomized controlled trials were first published in 1996 by a group of scientists under the name “CONSORT,” which means consolidated standards of reporting trials. Revisions followed in 2001 and 2010. A draft of the CONSORT for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) was published in both Chinese and English in 2007. After publication of the draft, comments were solicited from the medical community. Some papers did raise concerns about which items should be included in the CONSORT for TCM such as the rationale of the trial design, intervention, outcome assessment, and adverse events. We have now reached the next step which is the finalization of the CONSORT for TCM. Three tasks remain. First, the major changes in CONSORT statement 2010 should be integrated into the CONSORT for TCM. Second, Chinese drugs from minerals and animals should be included in the guidelines. Finally, agreement must be reached among the working groups. Once the draft is finalized, wide dissemination and co-publication will be considered.

关键词： CONSORT for TCM reporting standards future development

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多能融合技术体系助力碳中和的路径探索

李婉君, 朱汉雄, 肖宇, 蔡睿, 刘中民

《工程（英文）》 2022年第19卷第12期页码 11-13 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.09.024

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“互联网 +”标准体系构建研究

杨磊,于浩,吴东亚

《中国工程科学》 2020年第22卷第4期页码 124-130 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.04.018

摘要：

随着信息技术的蓬勃发展，“互联网 +”迎来了新的发展机遇，与此同时“互联网 +”标准难以匹配“互联网 +”技术、产业和应用的发展需求，标准体系亟待构建。本文旨在开展“互联网 +”标准体系构建的理论研究，梳理了与“互联网 +”相关的通用关键技术标准、融合标准、细分行业标准体系的基本情况，凝练未来发展面临的问题。研究提出了我国“互联网 +”标准体系的初步方案，涵盖总体、安全、共性支撑、服务融合、指南与评估、应用 6 个方面；结合协同制造、现代农业、智慧能源、益民服务、智能交通、绿色生态等细分行业的标准化需求，针对性提出“互联网 +”标准制定、应用与推广机制建议。扎实的试点示范、科学的人才培养、稳妥的长效机制，是我国“互联网 +”标准化工作的切实保障。

关键词：互联网 + 标准体系标准化行业应用

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Raising Standards of Engineering Ethics through Student Teams

Wei Dong,Hu Cheng,Yuan Zhang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第4期页码 402-405 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014047

摘要： Reducing the frequency of engineering accidents is a “people’s responsibility.” Increased attention to engineering ethics is inevitable. Engineering ethics are a stance, attitude or outlook, not easily learned by lectures. This article explores the utility of student teamwork by applying the Theory of Planned Behavior and acknowledging the benefits of professional knowledge and professional ethics possessed by the professional teachers, under professional teacher guidance, in order to improve levels of engineering education ethics. There are 5 key points: ① team member recruitment standards; ② team size; ③ team name and motto; ④ team group activities; ⑤ extending the spirit into the post-graduate period.

关键词： engineering ethic professional teachers students’ team engineering management

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A multi-integrated approach on toxicity effects of engineered TiO

Ana PICADO,Susana M. PAIXÃO,Liliana MOITA,Luis SILVA,Mário S. DINIZ,Joana LOURENÇO,Isabel PERES,Luisa CASTRO,José Brito CORREIA,Joana PEREIRA,Isabel FERREIRA,António Pedro Alves MATOS,Pedro BARQUINHA,Elsa MENDONCA

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第5期页码 793-803 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0775-0

摘要： The new properties of engineered nanoparticles drive the need for new knowledge on the safety, fate, behavior and biologic effects of these particles on organisms and ecosystems. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles have been used extensively for a wide range of applications, e.g, self-cleaning surface coatings, solar cells, water treatment agents, topical sunscreens. Within this scenario increased environmental exposure can be expected but data on the ecotoxicological evaluation of nanoparticles are still scarce. The main purpose of this work was the evaluation of effects of TiO nanoparticles in several organisms, covering different trophic levels, using a battery of aquatic assays. Using fish as a vertebrate model organism tissue histological and ultrastructural observations and the stress enzyme activity were also studied. TiO nanoparticles (Aeroxide® P25), two phase composition of anatase (65%) and rutile (35%) with an average particle size value of 27.6±11 nm were used. Results on the EC for the tested aquatic organisms showed toxicity for the bacteria, the algae and the crustacean, being the algae the most sensitive tested organism. The aquatic plant showed no effect on growth. The fish showed no effect on a 21 day survival test, though at a biochemical level the cytosolic Glutathione-S-Transferase total activity, in intestines, showed a general significant decrease ( <0.05) after 14 days of exposure for all tested concentrations. The presence of TiO nanoparticles aggregates were observed in the intestine lumen but their internalization by intestine cells could not be confirmed.

关键词： ecotoxicity enzymatic analysis histology transmission electron microscopy (TEM) TiO₂-nanoparticles

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氢能利用安全技术研究与标准体系建设思考

曹湘洪,魏志强

《中国工程科学》 2020年第22卷第5期页码 144-151 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.05.018

摘要：

中国车用氢能产业正处于快速起步阶段。充分认识氢气的危险性、安全利用氢能是我国车用氢能产业健康发展的基础。本文在分析氢气的物理化学性质和氢气与材料相容性问题后，提出了实现氢气安全利用的三个基本原则；系统介绍了日本在高压氢能安全利用方面的研究成果与安全技术措施，提出了我国燃料电池汽车（FCEV）发展中安全利用氢能的建议：一是总体规划设计，加大科技投入，形成以国家氢能安全实验室为主体，社会科技力量积极参与的研究体制；二是加快修订完善车用氢能安全标准体系；三是构建70 MPa 涉氢装备制造体系。

关键词：氢能，燃料电池汽车，安全技术，标准体系

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水利水电工程施工初期导流标准多目标风险决策研究

胡志根,刘全,贺昌海,肖焕雄,周宜红,傅峥,李定葵

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第8期页码 58-63

摘要：

水电工程施工导流的成败直接影响到主体工程的建设，与导流标准选择密切相关，而导流标准的择优必须综合协调导流建筑物的建设投资、工期、系统风险率及其风险损失。文章系统全面地分析了水电工程施工初期导流标准选择涉及的控制性因素，提出了因素定量化方法，运用多目标决策理论，建立了初期导流标准风险决策模型。通过实例分析，说明导流标准风险因素定量化刻划方法及决策模型是有效的，很好地解决了导流工程工期、投资与风险之间的关系。

关键词：施工导流初期导流导流标准多目标规划风险决策

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城乡社区治理标准体系构建研究

王艳芳,朱伟,白波

《中国工程科学》 2021年第23卷第3期页码 32-39 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.03.013

摘要：

随着我国社会治理重心下沉，城乡社区逐渐成为社会治理的着力点，与此同时，现有城乡社区治理标准面临难以满足城乡社区治理现代化新需求的严峻挑战，亟需构建城乡社区治理标准体系。本文旨在开展城乡社区治理标准体系的发展战略研究，分析了当前我国城乡社区治理发展的标准化需求，梳理了国内外与城乡社区治理相关的标准体系发展现状，凝练了我国城乡社区治理标准化发展存在的问题，研究提出了我国城乡社区治理标准体系的初步架构方案及重点发展方向，涵盖总体、社区基础设施、社区信息化平台、社区自治、社区管理、社区服务6 个方面。结合新时代城乡社区治理重点和短板，本文从加强标准化顶层设计、开展试点示范、注重多方参与、坚持城乡统筹、加强人才培养5 个方面提出了对策建议。

关键词：城乡社区社区治理标准体系社区服务社区信息化